Textile fabric flammability tests are conducted to evaluate the flammability characteristics of textile materials. One commonly used test method is the Vertical Flame Test as specified by standards such as ASTM D6413 or ISO 6940/6941. Here is a general overview of how this test is performed:
1. Sample Preparation: Cut specimens from the textile fabric sample in the required size and shape according to the testing standard.
2. Test Setup: Mount the specimen vertically in a test apparatus, ensuring it hangs freely. The specimen should be held securely at the top and exposed to the flame at the bottom.
3. Flame Application: Position a Bunsen burner or other suitable flame source at the bottom of the specimen and ignite it.
4. Flame Exposure: Maintain the flame at a specified angle and distance from the specimen for a specified duration, as indicated by the testing standard.
5. Observation: Monitor the specimen during the test to note any flame propagation, flaming drips, or afterglow. Measure parameters such as flame height, char length, or burn rate, depending on the test requirements.
6. Test Criteria: Assess whether the sample meets the flammability requirements outlined in the specific standard. This may involve criteria such as flame spread, afterflame time, or char length.
It is important to follow the specific testing standards and guidelines for accurate and reliable results. Different countries or industries might have their own standards for textile fabric flammability testing, so referencing the appropriate standard is essential.